molecular motor in squid @Cytoskeleton

Identification of molecular motors in the Woods Hole squid, Loligo pealei: an expressed sequence tag approach.

貝類建造外殻形狀及圖案的神經機制@PNAS

The neural origins of shell structure and pattern in aquatic mollusks


原始文獻：

新聞：
http://esciencenews.com/articles/2009/04/02/mollusks.taste.memories.build.shells

超音波研究章魚腳@JEB

http://jeb.biologists.org/content/suppl/2011/10/24/214.22.3727.DC1/MovieS1.mov

http://jeb.biologists.org/content/214/22/3727/suppl/DC1

J Exp Biol. 2011 Nov 15;214(Pt 22):3727-31.

Non-invasive study of Octopus vulgaris arm morphology using ultrasound.

Margheri L, Ponte G, Mazzolai B, Laschi C, Fiorito G.

Source

The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, 56025, Pontedera, Pisa, Italy.

Erratum in

• J Exp Biol. 2011 Dec 1;214(Pt 23):4065.

Abstract

Octopus arms are extremely dexterous structures. The special arrangements of the muscle fibers and nerve cord allow a rich variety of complex and fine movements under neural control. Historically, the arm structure has been investigated using traditional comparative morphological ex vivo analysis. Here, we employed ultrasound imaging, for the first time, to explore in vivo the arms of the cephalopod mollusc Octopus vulgaris. Sonographic examination (linear transducer, 18 MHz) was carried out in anesthetized animals along the three anatomical planes: transverse, sagittal and horizontal. Images of the arm were comparable to the corresponding histological sections. We were able, in a non-invasive way, to measure the dimensions of the arm and its internal structures such as muscle bundles and neural components. In addition, we evaluated echo intensity signals as an expression of the difference in the muscular organization of the tissues examined (i.e. transverse versus longitudinal muscles), finding different reflectivity based on different arrangements of fibers and their intimate relationship with other tissues. In contrast to classical preparative procedures, ultrasound imaging can provide rapid, destruction-free access to morphological data from numerous specimens, thus extending the range of techniques available for comparative studies of invertebrate morphology.

鸚鵡螺沒有吸盤的觸手的黏著機制＠zoology

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0944200611000882

動物界的奧斯卡

http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/46515562/ns/technology_and_science-science/#.T0zYhHIjFLo

船艄@漂流木書

http://www.facebook.com/media/set/?set=a.10150588270913912.387313.619543911&type=3

頭足類分類史 by Wensung Chung

1990之前就有800多個種類了, 這是頭足類傳統分類的行家努力而來的, 例如: 德國的Chun, 日本的Sasaki教授, Okutani爺爺, 蘇聯的Nesis大爺, 法國的Mangold阿媽, Renata夫人, 臺灣的Lu大人, 美國的Young教授, Hochberg研究員, Roper研究員, 英國的克拉克爵士, Boyle教授等等, 而近代更是族繁不及備載！近代分生的技術補足了過去形態分類的不足, 但是種類的增加主要是採樣限制的突破, 例如深海的種類, 例如一些局限分佈且非漁業目標的種類。而臺灣頭足類的多樣性非常高, 據Lu大人過去12年的採集, 我們吃的種類超過100種(包含許多未發表的新種), 還需要更多努力才能將它們列表。

低頻噪音對魷魚行為的影響＠Ocean Sciences Meeting

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-17117194

The research has been featured at the biennial Ocean Sciences Meeting.

It was presented by Aran Mooney from the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) of Massachusetts, US.